Rheum Plant: A Comprehensive Guide to Growing and Enjoying Rhubarb

Rhubarb, scientifically known as Rheum rhabarbarum, is a perennial vegetable that has been cultivated for centuries. Known for its tart, tangy flavor and vibrant red rhubarb stalks, this plant is a favorite among gardeners and culinary enthusiasts alike.

Rhubarb is not only valued for its edible stalks but also for its ornamental qualities, making it a versatile addition to any garden.

Rhubarb Varieties

There are numerous rhubarb varieties available, each with its own unique characteristics. Some popular varieties include:

Victoria: This classic variety is known for its long, thick, red-green stalks and excellent flavor.
Crimson Cherry: Boasting bright red stalks, this variety is both visually appealing and deliciously sweet.
Glaskins Perpetual: This variety is prized for its ability to produce a second crop of stalks in late summer.
German Wine: With its pink-red stalks and slightly speckled appearance, this variety offers a balance of tartness and sweetness.

Growing Rhubarb

Growing rhubarb is relatively straightforward, as this hardy plant can thrive in various climates and soil conditions. To ensure a healthy and productive rhubarb patch, consider the following factors:

1. Location:

Choose a sunny spot with well-draining soil. Rhubarb can tolerate some shade but prefers full sun for optimal growth.

2. Soil preparation:

Before planting, amend the soil with organic matter such as compost or well-rotted manure to improve fertility and drainage.

3. Planting:

Plant rhubarb crowns in early spring, spacing them about 3 feet apart to allow ample room for growth.

4. Watering:

Rhubarb requires consistent moisture, especially during dry spells. Water deeply and regularly to promote healthy growth and prevent stress.

Rhubarb Care

Proper rhubarb care is essential for maintaining a healthy and productive plant. Here are some key aspects of rhubarb care:

Fertilization: Apply a balanced fertilizer in early spring and again in mid-summer to support vigorous growth.
Mulching: Mulch around the base of the plant with organic material to retain moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature.
Pest and disease control: Watch for common pests such as rhubarb curculio and fungal diseases like leaf spot. Address issues promptly to minimize damage.
Division: Divide established rhubarb plants every 3-5 years to promote vigor and prevent overcrowding.

Harvesting Rhubarb

Harvesting rhubarb stalks is a simple process that can begin in the second year after planting. Follow these guidelines for a successful harvest:

1. Timing:

Wait until stalks are at least 12 inches long and have fully developed leaves before harvesting.

2. Method:

Grasp the stalk near the base and twist-pull it away from the plant. Avoid cutting the stalks, as this can encourage rot.

3. Quantity:

In the first two years, harvest sparingly to allow the plant to establish itself. From the third year onward, you can harvest up to one-third of the stalks at a time.

4. Leaf removal:

Always remove and discard the leaves, as they contain high levels of oxalic acid and are toxic to consume.

Culinary Uses of Rhubarb

Rhubarb’s tart, tangy flavor lends itself to a wide range of culinary applications. Some popular rhubarb recipes include:

Rhubarb Pie: A classic dessert that combines the tartness of rhubarb with a buttery, flaky crust.
Rhubarb Crumble: A comforting dish featuring tender rhubarb beneath a crisp, sweet crumble topping.
Rhubarb Jam: A delightful spread that captures the essence of rhubarb’s unique flavor.
Rhubarb Compote: A versatile sauce that can be served over ice cream, cake, or even savory dishes like pork or chicken.

Ornamental Rhubarb

In addition to its culinary uses, ornamental rhubarb varieties offer stunning visual interest in the garden. These plants boast large, architectural leaves in various colors and patterns, making them excellent focal points or background plants in borders and beds. Some notable ornamental rhubarb varieties include:

Rheum palmatum ‘Atrosanguineum’: Known for its deep red leaves and striking flower spikes.
Rheum australe ‘Himalayan Giant’: Boasting enormous leaves that can reach up to 5 feet in length.
Rheum x hybridum ‘Ace of Hearts’: Featuring unique heart-shaped leaves with red veins and a compact growth habit.

Companion Planting with Rhubarb

Companion planting is a strategy that involves growing complementary plants together to enhance growth, deter pests, and optimize space. Some excellent companions for rhubarb include:

Alliums (onions, garlic, leeks): These pungent plants help repel pests and improve the overall health of rhubarb.
Brassicas (broccoli, kale, cabbage): Rhubarb’s large leaves provide shade and moisture retention for these cool-season crops.
Strawberries: The sprawling nature of strawberry plants helps suppress weeds around rhubarb, while the rhubarb leaves offer shade and moisture retention for the strawberries.

Rhubarb in Traditional Medicine

Beyond its culinary and ornamental uses, rhubarb has a long history of use in traditional medicine. The roots of the plant have been used to treat various ailments, including:

Digestive issues: Rhubarb root has been used as a gentle laxative and to alleviate constipation.
Inflammation: The roots contain compounds that may help reduce inflammation in the body.
Skin conditions: Rhubarb root has been applied topically to treat skin issues like eczema and psoriasis.

However, it is essential to note that these traditional uses should be approached with caution and under the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional.

Conclusion

Rhubarb is a versatile and rewarding plant that offers a multitude of benefits to gardeners and food enthusiasts. From its tangy, flavorful stalks to its striking ornamental varieties, rhubarb is a valuable addition to any garden. By understanding the proper techniques for growing rhubarb, providing appropriate rhubarb care, and exploring the diverse range of rhubarb recipes, you can fully appreciate the wonder of this remarkable vegetable.

Whether you’re a seasoned gardener or a curious beginner, embracing the world of rhubarb is sure to bring joy, flavor, and beauty to your life.